Salinity gradient energy: RED versus PRO

RED is reversed electrodialysis. PRO is pressure-retarded osmosis. The Dutch are developing the RED concept, and the Norwegians apply the PRO technology. In PRO, it is the water molecules that migrate, not the ions.

RED	PRO
Generates a voltage, which can be used to produce an electric current	Generates a pressure, which can be used to drive turbines
Ions migrate	Water molecules migrate
Cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane, both impermeable to water	Membrane permeable to water, impermeable to ions
Dutch pilot in Harlingen not linked to grid; next pilot at Afsluitdijk (between IJssel Lake into which IJssel River flows and North Sea)	Norwegian Statkraft pilot plant in Tofte, at 60 km from Oslo, linked to grid, generates about 4kW of which about 20% is used to pump the water (can be avoided by making use of gravity)

RED

PRO

Disclaimer: Angelina Souren and SmarterScience cannot be held liable for any decisions made on the basis of information given on this web page.

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